the structure of horizon in the poems of nazim hikmet: obsession with location

nazim hikmet (1901-1963), turkish poet and a true believer ofmarxism, spent 12 years of his life in prison and nearly 20 years in exile, anexperience that profoundly changed his perception of  space and influenced the horizon structure ofhis literary work. as michel collot explains, horizon structure considers thephenomenological idea of “existence-in the world” and seeks the life characteror subject matter in the literary work; the character as an existent which isalways placed (positioned) in a certain location, from where it evokes theworld. this method assumes that each statement is built from three components:world, language and me. with regards to nazim hikmet and his horizon structure,we will see how the break in the perception of the prisoner from space isvisible in his poetry. this study will examine the traces of this rupture inthe structure of the poetry of hikmet. how does its spatial descriptions differfrom others in the literature in which his poems are rooted? and how does hereconcile this terminology of space with marxist tendencies as a universalhuman being? these are the questions we will try to answer. next we will try todraw the structure of horizon in the poetry of this poet.